General election · 25 Feb 2023

Nigeria's 2023 general election.

Who ran, the results, what the candidates promised, what was spent, and the violence, in one place. Each section links to the full page and its sources. Where OpenPolls does not hold something yet, it says so.

Who ran

4,228

candidates were on INEC's final lists for 470 federal seats on 25 Feb 2023: the presidency, 109 Senate seats and 360 House of Representatives seats.

President

18 for 1 seat

One winner

Women candidates

1 of 18 (5.6%)

Plus 0 women among the 18 running mates.

Age · median 59

Under 35
0
35–49
5
50–64
8
65 and over
5

Senate

1,101 for 109 seats

About 10 per seat

Women candidates

92 of 1,101 (8.4%)

3 listed without a sex (mostly court-ordered substitutions).

Age · median 51

Under 35
0
35–49
511
50–64
486
65 and over
100

4 ages printed incorrectly by INEC left out.

House of Reps

3,109 for 360 seats

About 9 per seat

Women candidates

286 of 3,109 (9.2%)

11 listed without a sex (mostly court-ordered substitutions).

Age · median 43.5

Under 35
534
35–49
1,558
50–64
952
65 and over
56

9 ages printed incorrectly by INEC left out.

Counted by OpenPolls from INEC's lists; gender and age as INEC printed them.

Counted from INEC's final list of 20 September 2022. Later changes ordered by courts (published as amendments, mostly as scanned images) are not included.
INEC's own booklet has faults, counted as printed: seven Sokoto North/Sokoto South House rows are missing (serials 64–70), four Takum/Donga/Ussa House rows are printed twice, and the Yobe North APC Senate slot has no name.

Results

INEC declared Tinubu Bola Ahmed (APC) elected, with 8,794,726 of 24,025,940 valid votes.

Tinubu Bola Ahmed APC8,794,726
Abubakar Atiku PDP6,984,520
Obi Peter Gregory LP6,101,533
Musa Mohammed Rabiu Kwankwaso NNPP1,496,687
Kachikwu Dumebi ADC81,919

The five candidates with the most votes, of 18. National totals from INEC's declaration; the full page says where its state figures come from.

All 18 candidates and results by state

Manifestos

For 2023, OpenPolls found manifestos for 6 of 18 presidential tickets: APC, PDP, LP, NNPP, AAC, PRP.

Manifesto published: 3
Survives only in an archive: 3
No manifesto found: 7
Launch reported, no document found: 5

What the winner promised, and what the record shows since

All 2023 manifestos

Money

21 spending figures for 2023 from 3 sources: The party (audited report, as reported by Ripples Nigeria); The party (voluntary disclosure, as reported by Peoples Gazette); EU Election Observation Mission, from the Meta Ad Library. Different sources measure different things, so they are shown side by side on the Money page and never added together.

What was spent in 2023

Violence

44 figures and 44 dated incidents from INEC, election observers and news reports: deaths, attacks on INEC, polling units disrupted and materials destroyed.

What violence cost the 2023 election